| Abstract: |
The combination of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) and synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) provides the detailed composition of fine-paste ware (FPW) kendis, dated back to 13th14th century maritime Southeast Asia. Sources of clay and production sites were classified according to Al2O3, SiO2, α-Fe2O3 and γ-Fe2O3 as well as trace elements. The similarities based on these components provided another evidence of a trade route between Kota Cina in North Sumatra of Indonesia and Kok Moh on Satingphra Peninsula, a well-known production area in present-day Thailand. In additions, the uniquely large contribution of α-Fe2O3 in XANES spectra suggests that Nakhon Si Thammarat province of Thailand could also be one of FPW production areas in maritime Southeast Asia.
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