| Abstract: |
This study examines the effects of physical activity associated with different subsistence strategies and terrains on humeral and femoral cross-sectional morphology using samples from the American Great Plains and adjacent regions. Results suggest that long bone cross-sectional morphology is the result of numerous determinants, including biomechanical loading, health, nutrition, and genetics. While more active groups display stronger humeri and femora, mobility and ruggedness of the terrain does not significantly effect cross-sectional size or shape. Behaviors associated with subsistence technology effect the size, shape, and robusticity of long bones in males more than in females.
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