| Abstract: |
On a basis of the archaeological findings, e.g. cultural deposits, the period of its operation is assigned to a time-bracket of 12th-14th centuries A.D. when Orissa was under the Imperial Gangas. The location of a group of ring-wells at the site is suggestive of a characteristic habitation. The availability of huge stone boulders is linked with the transportation of huge stones through the Khalkatapatna port to the present site of the Sun Temple at Konarak, built by the Ganga ruler, Narashima Deva (1216-1235 A.D.). It is argued here that the Gangas revived the erstwhile maritime connection with Southeast Asian countries through this port. The pottery specimens are of Arabian, Chinese and Roman origin. This is suggestive of an exchange of articles at international markets. And, as we know for ancient Kalinga/Orissa, the Southeast Asian countries served the purpose. The collection of a few Chinese coins further corroborates our point of view. Herein is discussed the exchange of commodities and structure of trade with Southeast Asian countries. The export of agrarian and textile products from Orissa and import of precious metals and stones, luxury articles and spices is stressed upon. Such trade apparently contributed to the imperial glory and material prosperity of the Gangas. The fall of the Khakatapatna port during the second part of the 14th century A.D. is ascribed to political and natural factors.
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