Ref ID:	22403
Ref Type:	Book Section
Authors:	Kazuhiro Nagata,
Title:	Mass and heat balance of pig iron making by Tatara
Date:	2015
Source:	Metals and civilizations
Place of Publication:	Bangalore, India
Publisher:	National Institute of Advanced Studies
Notes:	Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Beginnings of the Use of Metals and Alloys (BUMA VII)
Abstract:	Tatara was the Japanese traditional technology for making pig iron and high carbon steel bloom in a row. The furnace is made of clay in box type with 1.2m height, about 3m length and about 1m width. In one campaign of about 70 hours, 1.5 tons of pig iron called “Zuku” and 1.5 tons of high carbon steel bloom called “Kera” were produced from 12 tons of iron sand and 12 tons of charcoal. “Noro” was fayalite slag composed of about 35 mass% silica and about 55 mass% FeO including about 10 mass% TiO2. The silica came about 40% from iron sand and about 60% from clay of furnace. The clay in the lower part of furnace was eroded by “Noro” and the thickness of lower part of wall gradually became thin. After about 70 hr, the furnace was broken. About 50% of iron in iron sand became pig iron and bloom and the other became “Noro”. Almost 50% of oxygen in blown air passed through the furnace without burning charcoal. About 50% of heat produced from charcoal burning was wasted in out gas, about 20% was radiated from furnace wall and about 10% was the latent heat of slag and about 10% was that of pig iron and bloom. The fuel ratio was about 4 and the heat efficiency of Tatara was almost same as a charcoal blast furnace in Europe in 18 century.
Date Created:	4/11/2016
Editors:	Srinivasam, Sharada Ranganathan, Srinivasa Giumlia-Mair, Alessandra
Page Start:	62
Page End:	67